Support Beams: Choosing the Best Option for Load Bearing Wall Removal

When exploring open concept design trends to transform your space, removing a load bearing wall is often the first step. This change can dramatically enhance both function and aesthetics. However, replacing this kind of structure requires careful planning and the right support to maintain your home’s integrity. That’s where support beams come in. But with so many options available – steel, wood, engineered lumber, and composite beams – choosing the right one can feel overwhelming. This guide breaks down the most common types of support beams, their advantages, and how to determine the best fit for your project. Let’s dive in!

What Is a Load Bearing Support Beam?

A support beam is a crucial structural element that redistributes weight and prevents your home from collapsing after wall removal. However, knowing how to install a load bearing beam properly is essential – without the right material and installation, your home could experience sagging, cracks, or even structural failure. That’s why a professional assessment is crucial for selecting the right beam size and type for your specific needs.

5 Common Types of Support Beams for Load Bearing Walls

1. Steel Beams

Steel beams are one of the most reliable options for replacing load bearing walls. Their high strength-to-weight ratio makes them an ideal choice for supporting heavy loads without excessive bulk.

Benefits of Steel Beams:

• Exceptional durability and strength
• Resistance to termites, rot, and fire
• Slim profile allows for more headroom
• Available in I-beam and H-beam shapes for various applications

Best for:

• Large openings
• Heavy load bearing requirements
• Modern home designs

2. Solid Wood Beams

Wood beams are a traditional choice, particularly for homes with a rustic or classic aesthetic. While they don’t offer the same strength as steel, they provide sufficient support for smaller openings.

Pros of Wood Beams:

• Natural, warm aesthetic
• Easier to cut and install than steel
• Ideal for exposed beam designs

Considerations:

• Vulnerable to pests, moisture, and fire
• Less suitable for long spans or heavy loads

Best for: Homes with timber framing or projects where aesthetics are a priority.

3. Glulam Beams (Glued Laminated Timber)

Glulam beams consist of multiple wood laminations bonded with high-strength adhesives. These beams offer excellent load bearing capacity and design versatility.

Advantages of Glulam Beams:

• Stronger than traditional solid wood beams
• Available in various sizes and shapes
• More resistant to warping and cracking

Best for: Homes requiring a balance of strength, cost-effectiveness, and aesthetics.

4. Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Beams

LVL beams are engineered wood products made by layering thin sheets of wood and bonding them under pressure. This process creates an incredibly strong yet lightweight beam.

Why Choose LVL Beams?

• More affordable than glulam and steel
• High strength-to-weight ratio
• Resistant to warping and shrinking

Best for: Budget-conscious projects that still require significant strength.

5. Composite Beams

Composite beams are made from a mix of materials like steel, concrete, and wood to maximize performance. These beams are highly durable and suited for large structural projects.

Benefits of Composite Beams:

• Enhanced strength and flexibility
• Superior weather and fire resistance
• Ideal for custom engineering solutions

Best for: Large-scale commercial projects or custom residential designs requiring maximum durability.

How to Choose the Right Support Beam

Selecting the appropriate support beam requires considering several key factors:

• Load Capacity: Ensure the beam can support the weight of your structure, including live loads (people, furniture) and dead loads (roof, walls).
• Span Length: Longer spans often require steel or engineered wood beams for adequate support.
• Aesthetics: If your beam will be exposed, consider a material that complements your home’s design.
• Budget: Steel beams tend to be more expensive but offer superior longevity, while LVL beams provide a cost-effective alternative.
• Building Codes: Consult with a professional to ensure compliance with local regulations and obtain necessary permits.

Why You Should Consult a Professional

Structural modifications require both expertise and proper documentation. When removing a load bearing wall without a permit, main risks extend beyond just structural issues – they include legal penalties and insurance problems. That’s why choosing the right support beam and obtaining necessary permits isn’t a DIY decision. A professional load bearing wall expert can:

• Perform structural assessments
• Handle permit requirements
• Recommend the best beam type for your specific needs
• Ensure code compliance
• Manage documentation

Final Thoughts

Removing a load bearing wall can transform your home, but choosing the right support beam is critical to ensuring safety and structural integrity. Whether you opt for steel, wood, or engineered lumber, consulting an expert is the best way to make the right decision.

Need Help with Your Load Bearing Wall Removal? Load Bearing Wall Pros specializes in expert wall removals and support beam installations. Contact us today for a consultation and get a custom solution tailored to your home’s needs.

About the Author

Jason Hulcy, the founder of Load Bearing Wall Pros, is a seasoned expert in wall removal and home renovations. With a passion for innovation and sustainability, he has helped countless homeowners achieve their dream spaces safely and efficiently. Learn more about his expertise here.